Sandplay is a creative form, using images (positive imagination) for treatment, "concentrated extraction of physical and mental life energy". It is characterized by the application of sand, water and sand tools to the creation of images in the relationship between doctors and patients and the "space of freedom and protection" of sand table. A series of sand table images expressed in the sand table create a continuous dialogue between the consciousness and unconsciousness of the sand table players, and the healing process and personality (spirituality and self-development) inspired by it.
The picture of sand structure is three-dimensional, more vivid and direct than language. In the process of psychological counseling, if talk therapy can't be solved, sand table games can be used as a means to continue working. What can't be expressed in words can be expressed through sandbox games, which is the unique and attractive place of sandbox game consultation.
0 1, about sand table game
Sandplay and psychoanalysis are as intriguing as life itself, but it is really difficult to analyze the mechanism and the reasons why it works. However, after all, sandbox game originated from Jung's psychoanalysis and China's ideological and cultural soil. Therefore, in the process of thinking and exploring, psychological analysts who also live in this soil have sensitively discovered the role of some factors.
A visitor
(1) inner child and positive imagination
Jung went higher and further than Freud and discovered the collective unconscious and its prototype. The inner child is one of the prototypes. This is a creative and germinal spiritual energy that everyone has, but it is often ignored. Jung only thought of it when he was very sleepy and embarrassed.
About 19 1 1 years ago, jung and Freud parted ways, but breaking up did not mean the end. Jung felt as if he had lost his center of gravity and foothold. He was lost and full of pressure. At this time, it occurred to him that since the consciousness could do nothing, he simply listened to the call of the unconscious. At this time, I thought of the building block game he played as a child. So he began to do those seemingly childish things: pick up stones and build towers.
Jung is playing with sand and stones by the lake. ...
Jung must have heard the call of his inner child, so he "played" together and had a positive imagination in this free, comfortable and natural game. Unconsciously and autonomously, Jung is playing a creative "childish game" with unconscious will and inner children's thoughts.
Jung really did it-he consciously observed and "obeyed" the guidance of the unconscious inner child. The external tower is built up little by little, and the internal unconscious is integrated little by little. The embarrassment, confusion and disorder before finally appeared in another world. Jung said, "This moment is the turning point of my destiny".
(2) the prototype of the healer
External doctors are usually called "doctors", but there are also doctors in the inner spiritual world.
In the west, the son of Asclepius, the sun god, and Kanics, the forest fairy, is regarded as the god of medicine. His mother is good at herbal treatment, while he is good at surgery as well as herbs. He also has two daughters, one is Xu, the goddess of health, and the other is Panahi, the goddess of medicine. His family has been treating doctors for generations. Thus, Asclepius became the prototype of western healers.
We also have them in the East. For example, Shennong tasted a hundred herbs. It is said that he can naturally find a panacea for fighting poison with poison. There are also medical stars. It is said that the heavenly medical star will become a magical doctor and help others to come back to life.
In fact, we often hear this phenomenon. For example, the plants eaten by sika deer are all herbs, which are very beneficial to life, so it is also a treasure of the whole body; If we want to eat a certain food very much, it means that our body lacks this element. We want to eat these foods because of the body's self-protection and self-healing ability. Perhaps this "self-help" behavior is the prototype of the inner healer at work.
So one of the functions of psychotherapy is that the therapist inside the counselor wakes up the therapist inside the visitor, and the visitor can save himself.
(3) Self-nature
Ego is the prototype of integrated dominant energy in human spiritual world. Its function is to keep the balance and perfection of the whole mind, and the internal structure and energy work in harmony.
Just as an ecosystem is alive and can self-regulate and move, so is the unconscious, which is autonomous and alive. Self-organization is the self-organizing operation mechanism of this living body. Psychological problems often arise from conscious self-deviation from self-unity, or the separation and disorder of some other parts.
In the process of psychoanalysis and sand table game, visitors' consciousness and unconsciousness can realize a benign dialogue and their self-energy can be activated.
Second, the sand table game
(1) image and symbolic significance
The function of image in psychoanalysis is just like energy, which should be protected and explored. If we want to protect it, we can't arbitrarily infringe on its autonomy inherited from the unconscious. Whether in the sand table, in the dream or in the positive imagination, our understanding and feeling of the image are plain and simple, and we can't judge and explain it at will. We want to explore it and understand its symbolic meaning, which is what the unconscious wants to express.
In a sand painting of the mind, sand tools and scenes become symbolic images. Visitors present, experience and understand these images and their symbolic meanings through sand table games, and realize communication with the unconscious and even the whole mind, thus achieving healing and development.
(2) Game therapy
The real game is going on freely and naturally. Players are fully involved in the game and enjoy the game wholeheartedly. They have no purpose, only care about the process. Otherwise, it is not a game. Similarly, people are peaceful and relaxed in such a free and natural state, so the therapeutic effect of games can be imagined.
Philosopher Schiller said: "only when man is completely human can he play;" Only when a person plays, he is a complete person. "
A modern philosopher in China also said that the real China people are people who have a childlike innocence and the wisdom of adults and live a spiritual life.
The game has the value of being human, which is the healing power and "magic" of the game.
(3) Art therapy
If you want to describe the sandbox game, several words are essential (though not enough). Sandplay is a creative, expressive and artistic psychotherapy theory and method system, so it deserves to be regarded as an art and art therapy.
Why art therapy can cure diseases is not detailed here. But this reminds us once again that the sandbox game is definitely not just a technology, but an art. Therefore, mastering the sandbox game is not just operation and practice, but more.
Third, the handling of relationship and atmosphere.
(1) Freedom and protection space
What does your brain want to do most in a free and protected space? What will happen? For Dora Calvi, this is a summary of her experience. She found that patients can relax in this state, really enjoy the feelings brought by sand table games, and experience the development and changes of their own minds.
In fact, as we can feel, this is the "treatment" that babies can enjoy in their mothers' arms.
Then, by providing such treatment to patients, the conditions for their own development can be obtained.
(2)*** Love and * * * Song
* * * Emotion is recognized as an important factor in psychotherapy. No matter which school or consultant, it is completely believed that * * * emotion is necessary for visitors. Sandplay is no exception.
In Good Will Hunting, the doctor Sean said to Will, "It's not your fault." His complete sentence is, "I know it's not your fault, and I can understand your psychology."
In Prison Break, when Mahone tries to kill Watt, he tries to dissuade him. Mahone asked, "Have you ever lost a son?" Tao said, "Yes, my son and my wife were killed by quacks together." This complete sentence is similar to, "Yes, so I can totally understand you." ?
So, the problem seems to be-being understood. This feeling is very important. It can open Will's heart and destroy Majed Marhoum's anger (even temporarily). In psychoanalysis and therapy, this feeling of being understood can play a healing role.
In the mood of * * *, the psychological counselor can feel deeply for the patient, which is a kind of * * *, because the patient's "emotional shock" has caused the psychological counselor the same "emotional shock".
Similarly, when the counselor's inner self-integration, the healing power of the healing prototype, and the inner child's creativity and vitality can inspire these same forces in the patient's heart, then the patient will heal itself, right?
(3) induction and transformation
Induction is a concept with China culture and China gene. It is not just a concept, because it can't be understood only by conceptual learning and cognitive reasoning. You need to experience and feel.
The meaning of induction is very vague, which is unacceptable to the rational pursuit of certainty in western logic, so it is difficult for them to understand. However, we orientals have innate temperament and understanding, and can understand the meaning of "induction".
If * * * is a linear binary relation, then induction is a transcendental complex system phenomenon.
02, the advantages of sand table game
Application of Sandplay in Children's Psychotherapy Since its appearance, Sandplay has been gradually respected by international clinical psychologists and is recognized as one of the most effective psychotherapy methods. Compared with the traditional psychotherapy for children, sandbox games are especially suitable for children and have been widely used in the treatment of many children's psychological diseases at home and abroad.
First, establish communication and communication channels.
As far as the communication between children and adults is concerned, there are always some obstacles, including language ability; Children's "hands" are rich in mind, emotion and experience, but they can't be expressed in words; Therefore, when children put toys and models in the sand table, they are actually expressing and presenting their emotions and psychological state; Through the sand table and toy models they use, children's psychological or inner world has the conditions for objective recording and analysis, which is often more effective than language.
Second, promote intellectual development and improve creativity.
Touching sand can promote children's tactile development, and toys of various colors can promote children's visual development. The development of touch and vision will promote the development of the brain, and then promote the development of children's intelligence.
Children can make different shapes of mountains and rivers through play and spontaneous creation, and put toys on them to form ever-changing scenes. These three-dimensional space creation activities are of great help to improve children's creativity.
Third, help parents understand their children's psychology.
The sand table made by children is the expression of their inner state. Through the understanding of children, children's psychological state can be conveyed to parents to help parents understand their children better.
Fourth, promote children's physical and mental harmony.
Sandplay is a kind of psychological expression technology, and every scene a child makes is an expression of his heart. Through this expression, the child's inner order is clarified, his personality development is promoted and his psychological level is improved. It has a good curative effect on convulsion, autism, inferiority complex and weariness of learning caused by tension, fear and anxiety.
Under the guidance of professional teachers, sandbox games can solve children's problems such as aggression, hyperactivity, introversion, timidity and interpersonal difficulties.
Fifth, effectively vent negative emotions.
Sand is one of the materials that children like to play with. Almost everyone has had the experience of playing with sand in childhood. Children in different countries and different periods are no exception. Children with autism, mental retardation and communication difficulties can also accept it. This is a barrier-free way of communication. Natural sea sand is the embodiment of natural forces, which can drive children's subconscious and exert their inner energy.
Different from the bondage of the outside world, children can do whatever they want freely in the world of sand table, and some repressed or impermissible ideas can be reflected, which can better release negative energy and integrate their inner world. Effectively vent negative emotions, release pressure and reduce emotional instability, willfulness and escape.
Sixth, activate the natural healing power of the individual unconscious.
It provides visitors with an opportunity to change from a victim to a creator, so that everyone can decide their own rehabilitation process. These life events, including trauma, interpersonal problems, personal growth and the integration and transformation of spiritual self, are one of the best ways of psychotherapy and stress management.
03, suitable for the crowd
Teachers in universities, middle schools, primary schools, kindergartens, special education schools, etc.
Managers of enterprises and institutions
Psychological counselor, EAP counselor
Public security, hospitals, justice, reeducation through labor and other related staff.
The vast number of psychology lovers
Parents who want to accompany their children to grow up healthily?