I often get up early to watch the sunrise. It was still dark at that time, and it was very winding.
Quiet, only the sound of the ship's machines.
The sky is still light blue, and the color is very light. In the blink of an eye, a red line appeared on the horizon.
Summer, slowly expand its scope and strengthen its light. I know that the sun is moving from
When the horizon rose, I stopped looking in the blink of an eye.
Sure enough, after a while, half of the sun's face appeared in that place, red.
This is Zhen Hong, but there is no light. This grandson seems to focus on the load step by step.
Try to rise slowly, and finally, break through the clouds and jump out of the sea completely.
Face, the color is very lovely red. For a moment, this crimson round thing suddenly
It gives off dazzling light, stings people's eyes, and suddenly there are clouds next to it.
Brilliant.
Sometimes the sun goes into the clouds, but its light comes down from the clouds and shines directly.
Reach the surface. At this time, it is not easy to distinguish between clear water and sky.
Because I only see a light.
Sometimes there are dark clouds on the horizon, and the clouds are thick. When the sun comes out, people can't see them.
However, when I see you, the light from the sun in the dark clouds passes through the encirclement of the dark clouds instead of black.
Clouds are inlaid with glowing Phnom Penh. Later, the sun slowly rushed out of the encirclement and appeared in
The sky even dyed the dark clouds purple or red. Not only will it shine at this time.
It's the sun, the clouds, the sea, and even myself has become bright.
Isn't this a great spectacle?
Zhu Kezhen's natural language.
After beginning of spring, the earth gradually woke up from a deep sleep. Snow and ice melted, vegetation sprouted, and all kinds of flowers bloomed for the first time. Two months later, the swallow returned lightly. Soon, the cuckoo also came. So it becomes a hot summer, that is, the period when plants breed fruits. In autumn, when the fruits are ripe, the leaves of plants gradually turn yellow and fall in the autumn wind. The geese flew south, and the insects active in the fields and grass disappeared. Everywhere I go, I see a scene of falling grass, ready to meet the snowy winter. In the temperate and subtropical regions of the earth, this is the case year after year, and it goes on and on.
For thousands of years, working people have paid attention to the relationship between natural phenomena such as the rise and fall of vegetation and the coming and going of migratory birds and the climate, and arranged farming accordingly. Apricot blossoms are in full bloom, as if nature is preaching to cultivate the land quickly; Peach blossoms are blooming, which seems to imply that we should plant millet quickly. The cuckoo began to sing, and the working people understood what it was singing: "Grandparents, cut wheat and transplant rice." In this way, flowers and birds sing, grass grows and warblers fly, all of which are the languages of nature.
These natural phenomena were called phenology by working people in ancient China. Phenological knowledge originated very early in China. Many agricultural proverbs handed down from ancient times contain rich phenological knowledge. In modern times, using phenology knowledge to study agricultural production has developed into a science, that is, phenology. Phenology records the growth and decline of plants and the reproduction of animals, such as the arrival of peach blossoms and swallows, so as to understand the climate change over time and the impact of this change on animals and plants.
Phenological observation uses "living instruments", which are living organisms. It is much more complicated and sensitive than meteorological instruments. Phenological observation data reflects the synthesis of climatic conditions such as temperature and humidity, and also reflects the influence of climatic conditions on organisms. When applied to agricultural activities, it is simple and easy to master. This is the importance of phenology to agriculture. Here is an example.
According to the phenological records in Beijing, the flowering of peach, apricot blossom, apple, elm leaf plum, Xifu begonia, clove and Robinia pseudoacacia in196/kloc-0 is about ten days later than that in 1968+0, and five or six days later than that in 1960. According to these phenological observation data, it can be judged that the agricultural season in Beijing 1962 came late. However, crops such as peanuts planted in the early spring of that year were planted according to the date of previous years, and the result was frozen by low temperature. This loss can be avoided if we can pay attention to the phenological delay and choose the appropriate sowing date.
What factors determine the coming of phenology?
The first is latitude. The farther north the peach blossoms bloom, the later the migratory birds come. It is worth pointing out that the days of phenology difference between north and south change with the seasons. Chinese mainland has a remarkable climate, and Leng Xia is hot in winter. The temperature difference between north and south is great in winter, but not much in summer. In spring, early spring and late spring are different. For example, in March and April of early spring, Nanjing peach blossoms bloom 20 days earlier than Beijing, but by the end of spring and early May, Nanjing Robinia pseudoacacia only blooms 10 days earlier than Beijing. Therefore, in North China, it is often felt that spring is short, winter has passed and summer has arrived.
Longitude difference is the second factor affecting phenology. All offshore areas are warmer in winter than inland areas at the same latitude, and colder in spring. Therefore, the arrival of spring in coastal areas is a few days later than that in inland areas. For example, the latitude of Dalian is about 1 south of Beijing, but in Dalian, forsythia and plum blossoms bloom one week later than Beijing. For example, Jinan apples bloom in mid-April or Grain Rain Festival, and Yantai will go for a long summer. The latitudes of the two places are similar, because Yantai faces the sea and spring comes late.
The third factor affecting phenology is the difference between high and low. Phenological phenomena such as flowering of plants are late in spring and summer, and deciduous trees are early in autumn. However, the study of this factor should take into account special circumstances. For example, at the turn of autumn and winter, in clear Wan Li, the temperature at a certain height is inversely proportional to the height. This is called inversion layer. Because cold air is heavy, it flows to lower places on windless nights. This phenomenon is very obvious in autumn and winter in mountainous areas, especially in the morning of these two seasons. It is often found that there is frost at the foot of the mountain and frost at the mountainside. It is for this reason that it is very successful to introduce tropical crops into hillsides in hilly areas of South China, but it is not suitable at the foot of the mountain.
In addition, there are differences between ancient times and modern times in the morning and evening when phenology comes. According to a long-term phenological record in the south of England, the average flowering and flowering dates of seven trees in early spring from 174 1 750 are compared with the ten-year average from 192 1 to 1930, and it can be seen that the latter is 9 times earlier than the former. In other words, spring is nine days ahead of schedule.
Phenology is a science close to ecology in biology and agrometeorology in meteorology. The study of phenology is first to predict the agricultural time and choose the sowing date. Besides, there are many meanings. Phenological data has important reference value for arranging crop zoning and determining the date of afforestation and seed collection. It can also be used to introduce plants into areas with the same phenological conditions, and can also be used to avoid or reduce the harm of pests. There are a large area of mountainous areas in China that can be cultivated, but the adaptability of climate and soil in many places to crops in mountainous areas remains to be investigated. In order to promote the development of agriculture in mountainous areas, it is necessary to carry out phenological observation in mountainous areas.
Phenology is a science related to high agricultural yield. It is necessary to further strengthen phenological observation, understand the language of nature, and strive for greater gains in agriculture.
Pan Yue's West Wind Populus euphratica
Populus euphratica, the most beautiful tree in autumn, is the oldest tree left over1.300 million years ago, only born in the desert. 90% of Populus euphratica in the world is in China, 90% of Populus euphratica in China is in Xinjiang, and 90% of Populus euphratica in Xinjiang is in Tarim. I went to Tarim. Here, on one side is the world's second largest Taklimakan desert with 320,000 square kilometers, and on the other side is the world's largest Tarim Populus euphratica forest with 3800 square kilometers. The two natural enemies looked at each other and remained deadlocked for 100 million years. Between the two, it is an ancient road that has experienced vicissitudes. It belongs to mankind, and that is the Silk Road. Think about the endless stream of people walking on this road at that time, with an empty and suffocating dead sea on one side and a fresh and exciting life on the other; On the one hand, it makes people feel small and throw away their youth at will, on the other hand, it makes people see the vibrant green to struggle through the journey of life. There are too many doubts in my heart to lift my head. In the sky, wind, rain and lightning are unpredictable. People began to explore and feel, and began to have an impulse, that is, to climb the white clouds in the afterlife and understand the mysteries of heaven through the practice of this life. So you can understand how Buddha Sakyamuni entered China from this road.
Populus euphratica is the toughest tree I have ever seen in my life. Can be delicate and charming in the scorching sun of MINUS 40 degrees, and can stand tall and straight in the cold of MINUS 40 degrees. It is not afraid of invading the salt and alkali of bone marrow, nor is it afraid of overwhelming wind and sand. It is the tree of God, the tree of life and the immortal tree. The spirit of being strong in adversity, rising in adversity, surviving and never giving up makes all real men excited. Frost and wind knocked down, struggling to get up, covered in dust, struggling to come out. They calmly die for the spirit and generously die for the idea. Although his arm is broken and his waist is bent, he still holds an iron character; Although scarred, it still shows the true nature of the hole.
Populus euphratica is the most selfless tree I have ever seen in my life. Populus euphratica is the barrier in front of the desert, followed by cities, villages, green mountains and green waters, a noisy world of mortals, but people who don't know. The sentient beings behind them are the only meaning of their birth, life and fight to the end. They don't care. They don't expect people to know about them. They gave all the flashy fame to the peony, to the peach blossom, to all the fleeting exotic flowers and plants, and left this sandstorm to themselves.
Populus euphratica is the most tolerant tree I have ever seen in my life. Inclusive of heaven and earth, inclusive of man and nature. In the Populus euphratica forest, there are Haloxylon ammodendron, Glycyrrhiza uralensis and camel grass, who live in harmony. Tolerance and harmony are the essence of Confucianism. Populus euphratica is a huge and boundless group, a team with honor and loss, and a typical framework of oriental group civilization. The rhizome of Populus euphratica is very long, penetrating floating quicksand, and can go 20 meters deep to find the soil under the sand, which is deeply rooted in the soil. Just like the hearts of China people, every cell, every branch and every leaf has the blood of civilization, which makes Chinese culture endless, and still stands in the East after countless storms.
Populus euphratica is the most tragic tree I have ever seen in my life. Populus euphratica will not die after being born for a thousand years, nor will it fall after being dead for a thousand years, and it will last for a thousand years. This is not a myth. Whether in Tarim or Ejina Banner, Inner Mongolia, I have seen large areas of withered poplars. They fought for their beloved land until the last moment, and still stood strangely between their comrades-in-arms and enemies after their death. They make comrades cry, and they make enemies respect them. Those hundreds of millions of withered poplars, who would rather die than surrender, clenched their fists like a compassionate winter fairy tale. When I see them, I will think of Yue Fei, Yuan Chonghuan, Tan Sitong, and countless China ancients' integrity, which is awe-inspiring and makes people die for their bosom friends. At the beginning, Wu Zixu advised Fu Cha to guard against Yue's revenge, but advice when most needed is least heeded, and he was slandered. His last words before he died were: gouge out my eyes and put them on the city gate so that I could watch the enemy enter the city. His words came true. The enemy who entered the city reburied him and his eyes with deep respect. At this time, the piercing wind floating in the Populus euphratica forest, the branches pointing to the sky, and the ribs closely connected with these branches are like glaring eyes. In my eyes, it was a holy heart and a sigh of tears.
Populus euphratica is not alone. In front of Populus euphratica forest are clusters of delicate, faint and soft red willows. They are friends of Populus euphratica. For Populus euphratica, for Populus euphratica spirit, for the same idea as Populus euphratica, they volunteered to stay at the forefront. In the face of the raging wild sand, their backs are against their beloved Populus euphratica, as always tenacious and as always hungry. This reminds me of my brothers who belong to the same genus as Populus euphratica at the ends of the earth. They are mangroves. Like Populus euphratica, they were born to defend the coast, sacrifice for the prosperous world behind them, abandon all vanity and common interests, be handsome, live noble, live innocent and die loyal. The people behind him made idols out of clay and put them in the temple to burn incense and worship, and then cut them down for firewood. In just a few decades, 42,000 hectares of mangroves in China have become 6.5438+0.4 million hectares due to excessive reclamation and deforestation. So, the mangrove cried and the red tide came.
Populus euphratica cannot fall. Because mankind can't fall, because human civilization can't fall. Populus euphratica once gave birth to the whole western civilization. Two thousand years ago, the western regions were covered with a large area of luxuriant Populus euphratica. The water in Tarim and Lop Nur was endless, and the aquatic plants were rich, nourishing the western region civilizations such as Loulan and Qiuci. Pioneering and war made water and civilization disappear together in the dry river bed. Outside the Populus euphratica forest, rolling yellow sand buried countless glorious ancient countries, countless heroes of Tiema Glacier, countless rich and luxurious business trips, ignorance, pride and dignity, and withered poplars that fell with it. Let Populus euphratica fail, in fact, you don't need anything from human beings. Populus euphratica lived many years before human beings. Heroes don't cry, and Populus euphratica sometimes cries. Every time the sun steamed, Hu Yangshu shed salty tears. They want mankind to leave the little water that God originally gave them. Every tear of God's pity, as long as it is sprinkled on the dry sand of Populus euphratica, can melt the dew all over the sky, the boiling blood, the innocent benevolence and righteousness, let these soldiers rush forward wave after wave, and let them continue to stand there and fight bravely. I saw the rivers in Tarim and Ejina Banner plummet, and I heard that people in the upper reaches would stop water to build dams and reclaim land for development. I am afraid that they will forget Populus euphratica, who cared for their grandfather, and that their descendants will relive the nightmare of the empty city.
Few people write Populus euphratica. Looking through ancient and modern documents, it is difficult to find a decent Populus euphratica poem On the land of China, there are always a group of unwilling elites, a group of selfless and dedicated backbones, and a group of lonely literati who support the whole river like a mainstay. The unknown greatness is the real greatness. Similarly, the unknown ordinary is the real ordinary. I stand in this lonely Populus euphratica forest, and I pray for God's tears, even if it is only a drop; I pray for Populus euphratica, red willow and mangrove, and ask them to persist for a period of time, even decades; I pray that all those who are full will pack their bags and walk quietly in the desert, even for three days. I want to cry, I want to cry for those soldiers who continue to struggle, I want to cry for the fallen wounded, I want to cry for the immortal spirit, and I want more people to cry well in this Populus euphratica forest. Maybe these bitter tears can turn into drizzle and save several Populus euphratica trees. However, I won't cry. Because this is not the tragedy of the end of the hero, nor is it the helplessness of the missionary. Populus euphratica is still there, its spirit is still there, its life is still there, the sky is still there, and its eyes are still there. The injured will be treated, the dead will be commemorated, and those who come will be encouraged.
Until one day, the moved God suddenly saw this beautiful, loyal and scarred tree species and asked: Who are you? Countless voices in the fierce west wind replied: I am Populus euphratica.