The human body stands naturally, full of energy, positive, straight and not stiff. Eyes looking straight ahead, chin naturally drooping and slightly retracted, neck relaxed.
The feet are naturally separated or T-shaped, and the feet should have support points to maintain the center of gravity. The body should be tall and straight, and the abdomen should be slightly retracted, stretched and beautiful. The facial muscles are relaxed, the expression is natural and generous, and the voice is full of emotion.
The second breath of singing
Someone said, "Breathing is the foundation and motivation of singing. Whoever can breathe will sing.". Singing breathing is not exactly the same as daily breathing, and there are conscious breathing and unconscious breathing. Breathing has two processes: inhalation and exhalation. Inhalation is due to the decrease of diaphragm, the expansion of costal muscles and abdominal muscles, which enlarges the chest cavity and sucks air into the lungs; When exhaling, the contracted inspiratory muscles continue to contract hard, forcing the diaphragm to rise, and the inhaled air is compressed and discharged from the upper respiratory tract such as the lungs.
There are three kinds of singing breath:
Chest breathing: This breathing is mainly controlled by the chest. It is characterized by shallow inhalation, low volume, short maintenance time, easy to be stiff, tight and stiff, and the voice lacks color change.
Abdominal breathing: This kind of breathing not only does not slightly contract the lower abdomen, but protrudes outward, mainly by lowering the diaphragm and controlling breathing with abdominal muscles. This kind of breathing method, because the breath is too deep, the abdomen expands, and the breath volume is not large, it can't actively form due pressure on the vocal cords, and the voice is weak, empty and stupid.
Chest-abdominal breathing: also known as chest-abdominal combined breathing. At present, people all adopt this breathing method.
This is a breathing method that uses the muscles of the chest, diaphragm and abdomen to control breathing. Its advantages lie in fully mobilizing the dynamic function of singing respiratory organs, making pectoral muscles, diaphragm muscles and abdominal muscles cooperate with each other to complete the task of controlling breath; Because the diaphragm is lowered and ribs are opened at the same time when inhaling, the chest cavity is fully expanded and the breathing volume is large; Strong ability to control breathing, even and deep exhalation, and can adjust the strength of exhalation momentum, so that the high, low, strong and weak changes of sound can be controlled freely. The most important thing in breathing is the process of exhaling. Always keep breathing in, let the breathing muscles relax in a controlled and slow way, and let the breath output be unimpeded until the song, phrase, pause and end. Secondly, your breath must be even and moderate, not too long or too short, too strong or too weak, which will destroy the normal singing state. When exhaling, the two sides of the diaphragm and the lower rib that descend when inhaling are used as fulcrums, but the strength maintained is not on the rib, but on the diaphragm. With the fulcrum of breath, the song can sing every sound and word in the controlled breath, and the song will be round, full and smooth, like a bead with uniform size on a line, which is often called "singing line". The specific method is as follows:
Breathe slowly, breathe slowly: when practicing, blow slowly with a paper towel to make it swing evenly, or blow slowly with a candle, don't blow it out, the flame will shake evenly; Then take a bunch of flowers and smell them happily. At this point, your chest naturally bulges forward and upward, and your ribs and waist expand around at the same time. Keep this state, relax the muscles below the abdominal diaphragm and breathe. Pay attention to inhale as calmly, naturally and gently as smelling flowers; Don't inhale too much, inhale to the diaphragm. Breathing too much not only does not help singing, but also makes the voice unsmooth and the body stiff.
Breathe quickly and shout quickly: imagine that you are suddenly startled; Imagine sadness and sobs; Or imagine that a long-lost friend suddenly appeared in front of you, and you gasped in surprise and almost cried, staying in the above state. After a while, it seems that there is an external force pushing the lower abdomen backward. You feel that the lower abdomen is fighting against this external force, and the breath is slowly sent behind the upper roots. At this time, the diaphragm has played a strong supporting role. You can also do some physical exercise.
Third, open your throat
1. Why are you talking?
Human vocal cords grow in the thyroid cartilage (Adam's apple) below the hypopharyngeal cavity, and the thyroid cartilage is connected with the upper hyoid bone. Physiologically, thyroid cartilage and hyoid bone are both cartilages, and the degree of outward expansion and inward contraction is not great, but the status quo can be changed by moving the throat downward. Although girls can't see the Adam's apple, there is objective physiology. Therefore, the singer must keep his throat stable so that he can completely open his throat; When the throat is stable and the voice position is upward, the center of gravity of singing will be concentrated. If you don't open your throat, it will squeeze and oppress, and your voice will be stuffy, empty, shaky and even inaccurate, which will eventually lead to vocal cord lesions. When the throat is unstable, the voice will tremble, like a sheep barking. The voice is narrow and bright, dull and heavy, and the throat is obviously caught. It sounds hard and ugly.
2. How to open your voice?
1) Throat opening mainly refers to the pharyngeal cavity, which makes the whole pharyngeal cavity of the throat, mouth and nose form a channel suitable for sound production. Common yawning, the tongue flap actively contracts into an arch, the nasal cavity is opened, the alar is expanded, the base of the tongue is relaxed, the tongue is flat on the lower teeth, and the larynx is in the inhalation position, so that the larynx is opened.
2) Imagine that there are two walls on both sides of the throat trying to push outward, feeling that the neck is expanding around, and the muscles on both sides of the throat are pulled down, but they can't be pressed down. Find the fulcrum of the chest and feel it with the feeling of coughing.
3) Imitate the alto or the thick and wide voice, but don't imitate the timbre. Practice singing some alto works for the singer to experience. Then laugh or look up to experience.
The fourth mask * * *
* * * sound focus and sound support point can also be called * * * sound of head cavity. First of all, with the mask, the sound is more concentrated, brighter and spreads farther; Secondly, the mask * * * is conducive to the unity of the range, the consistency of vowels and the expansion of the range. Someone once said: "After finding the fulcrum, the sound will be very clean. This fulcrum is like the focus, no matter what vowel is sung, it will always be there; " If you find the fulcrum, there will be no transition, and the sound skills will not be a problem ... ". Specific methods:
1) vowel practice, u, nie, ni, me, mie, practice with semitone;
2) Humming practice, there is a sense of dizziness during practice. Practice music or music can be used as the content of practice.
3) Smile and sing, which is often called levator muscle.
Fifth, the transition of inflection point.
The problem of changing the sound point is more obvious for girls than boys. The treble part is generally around #f2; The mid-range is generally around be 1; The bass is generally around # C, and the inflection points are different, not absolutely the same. Some people have two inflection points, so we can't generalize. There is still a training process to unify the three vocal areas of high school and low school. Girls are particularly prominent, and the bass is either white or silent; The high-pitched area is either shouting or singing, in vain. Therefore, it is necessary to practice improving the sound, so that the sound area is unified and no trace is left. First of all, the larynx should be stable, otherwise there will be a broken voice in the voice changing area. The voice should be placed on the mask and make full use of the mask. Don't sing too loudly, be weak, concentrate, don't hide, sing what is strong.
Practice of the sixth high note
1. Be mentally prepared before singing high notes. You already have that idea in your head. Of course, you should have a correct singing state before singing high notes, including the correct breath, * * * singing, the coordination of various organs and so on. When singing high notes, the Adam's apple must be down, not with external force, but with internal force; The diaphragm strongly controls breathing, and the vocal cords tighten to block breathing, forming a confrontation in the opposite direction. Pavarotti once said: "The fulcrum of breath is mainly in the diaphragm. When inhaling, the muscles of the diaphragm are like a belt, which is surrounded by a circle before and after. It is very powerful, like the feeling of a constipated person squatting in a bucket, and also like the state when a soldier works hard. " It can also be imagined as yelling, yelling at people when they are angry, and so on. The head should not be lifted with the pitching, but should be relaxed and positive.
2. Be confident and dare to sing high notes. On the basis of correct vocal state, encourage students to sing boldly and practice, sing once without breaking the sound, and then sing after adjustment; Don't make your voice too tired, practice again and again.
Practice the seventh bass and weak voice
1. Beth also needs a mask. The bass chest should be sung clearly, the phoneme should be high, the voice should be round, and it should feel wide, thick and full. The volume is relatively low and the breath is relatively small.
2. The key is to sing with a weak voice and an open throat. The strength of the voice is controlled by the breath, not the throat. Weakness does not mean that you don't need breath or state; But correct singing requires fluency, coherence, diaphragm control, strong muscles and an open throat.
The eighth language of singing
1. Beautiful and moving songs are generally based on language. This is the difference between vocal music art and other music forms. The language of our country is difficult to compare with that of other countries; Every word in our country has prefix, belly, suffix, rhyme, tone and so on.
2. Pronunciation of consonants (consonants) is blocked; According to the location and method of obstruction. The following are divided into four categories:
Lip sound: b p m f
Tongue sound: d t l n
Tooth sound: j q x
Tooth sound: z c s zh ch sh r
Laryngeal voice: g k h
Initial consonants are very important in singing, although a word is very light to read. Some people only hear the singing, but they can't hear what they are singing. The correct pronunciation of initials is helpful to express the emotion of songs. According to the emotional needs of the work, the prefixes of some words are particularly emphasized and highlighted. Some places with strong sounds must be practiced alone, just like primary school students learning pinyin one by one.
Pronunciation, the difficult part should be correct and clear, not ambiguous. The hard part of lip sound is on the lips, and the nozzles of the upper and lower lips should be strong; The power of tongue sounds is on the tip of the tongue; Tooth sounds are applied to the teeth (between the upper and lower teeth); The stress part of the pronunciation is between the upper and lower teeth; Laryngeal sounds are pressed in the throat (but not out).
3. Vowel (vowel)
Monosyllabic vowels: I, u, u, a, o, e, er.
Compound vowels: ai, ei, ao, ou, ia, ie, iao, iou.
ua、uo、uai、uei、üe。
Nasal vowels: an, en, ang, eng, ong.
Ian, English, Ang, English, Lang.
uan，uen，uang，ueng。
üan、ün。
Vowels are also called vowels or abdominal sounds. Vowels in singing sound are the basis of sound position, which is very different from the usual pronunciation; The duration of vowels in singing should be long and exaggerated, and the accurate, coherent and smooth pronunciation of vowels is the basis of rich changes in singing tone. The lines of singing timbre are composed of various vowels, and the articulation of singing directly affects whether the voice is mellow or not.
The ancients said, "Seven parts separate white, three parts sing, words lining the cavity, the cavity is full of words, and the words are clear and round ..." There are three unique things: the words are clear and unique; The cavity purity is the second best; The board is three unique skills. "
When pronouncing words, don't bite the prefix, don't be vague, and be clear and neat; The prefix should be pronounced immediately before the sound, so that the words can fall on the sound, otherwise it will drag the rhythm. Clearly explained the prefix, immediately brought the belly behind the mouth, and then sent the gas from the abdomen. Although the suffix is a suffix, it can't be sloppy. China's "Ten Diseases of Du Qu" said: "After singing a word, you must explain it clearly, and then sing the next word, which is the sound of this word. Sing if you don't accept it, or open if you don't accept it. Is there only half a word, you want to listen, but you don't want to shout? " . Improper abdomen or unclear suffix can easily become another pronunciation. Therefore, the accuracy of language must be emphasized. If you master pronunciation and articulation, you can truly express your feelings with words and express your feelings with words. Some people are not touching at all, their eyes are numb and expressionless, and they sing the same work of any genre; There are many genres of songs, including carols, war songs, love songs and lamentations; Serious, humorous, etc. Some people don't sing and like to compose poems, but these things can't be shown. If you don't learn the language well, you can't express various styles and vividly embody the lyrics of songs. So learn the language well. Words are the locomotive of sound, and sound is the continuation and beautification of words. The sound quality depends on the correct use of scientific pronunciation methods, especially the correct feeling of oropharyngeal cavity pronunciation. Only clear pronunciation and mellow voice can achieve the perfect requirements of sound. They complement each other, penetrate each other, restrict each other and relate to each other, which is dialectical unity. Some people say:
Love is handsome and the source,
The sound of the abdomen should be pleasant,
Deep feelings and vivid words should be interlinked,
Clear pronunciation and mellow voice, bright tone.
Ninth Vocal Music Training
Vocal music training serves for singing, is an important training content for cultivating scientific methods, and is to further develop and improve the vocal organs of singing under the condition of conforming to natural physiological laws. Through vocal training, the breath is solid and the throat is stable and relaxed; The voice is smooth, mellow, beautiful and pleasant; Articulation is clear and accurate, and feelings are sincere and touching. Correct pronunciation training can correct some wrong ideas and bad habits of students, so as to establish a correct, complete, systematic and scientific method. Someone once said, "Singing training is an instrument made of human body." This instrument is different from other instruments. It is built on the human body, and it is commanded and controlled by human advanced nerves. They are invisible and intangible.
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